Normally sinusitis is triggered by viral respiratory tract infection. This term refers to inflammation of the mucosal lining of the para nasal sinusis.
Common causes of sinusitis are viral infection, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, septal deviation, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitis, swimming, diving, high altitude climbing, and dental infections. Some rare causes are immune deficiency, immofile cilia syndrome, growth of tumor, cystic fibrosis and sacoldosis. Symptoms are nasal obstruction or congestion, reduced sense of smell, facial pressure, pain tenderness, fever or toothache etc.
The organisms like haemophilus influenza, strettocrocus pneumonia, stretto crocus aures cause bleeding and eye and brain complications.
Surgery for sinusitis should be considered only after maximum drug treatment. The eye infection sometimes cause blindness due to compression around the optic nerve.
Frontal sinusitis lead to bone involvement called osteomyelitis which destroys the bone causing pus formation. The pus may enter into veins in the brain causing trombosis which is called cavernus sinus thrombosis. Mainstay of treatment is relief with analgesic, antihistamine and intranasal steroids and antibiotics.
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